Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

9 free MDCAT Chemistry MCQs on Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry (PM&DC syllabus), each with the answer, an explanation and the textbook line it comes from. Tap to check, no sign-up.

Tap an answer to check it · 9 questions

1. Question 1

   An atom or group of atoms that gives characteristic properties to an organic compound is a:
   • AFunctional group
   • BHomologous series
   • CFree radical
   • DLigand
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: A) Functional group

   It is the chemically active part of the molecule, e.g. -OH, -COOH. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 101.

2. Question 2

   A series of compounds with the same functional group, whose successive members differ by a CH2 group, is a:
   • AIsomeric series
   • BHomologous series
   • CFunctional series
   • DElectrochemical series
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: B) Homologous series

   Members share a general formula, e.g. CnH2n+2 for alkanes. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 104.

3. Question 3

   Coal can be converted into petroleum by the:
   • AFractional distillation
   • BHaber process
   • CDestructive distillation
   • DFischer-Tropsch process
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: D) Fischer-Tropsch process

   CO and H2 from coal are converted to liquid alkanes over Co, Fe, Ru or Ni catalysts at 150-300 C. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 95.

4. Question 4

   Which element in an organic compound cannot be detected by any direct test?
   • ANitrogen
   • BOxygen
   • CSulphur
   • DChlorine
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: B) Oxygen

   It is found indirectly, e.g. by subtracting %C and %H from 100. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 108.

5. Question 5

   Fractional distillation of coal tar gives:
   • ABenzene, toluene and phenol
   • BMethane, ethane and propane
   • CCoke and coal gas
   • DAmmonium sulphate
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: A) Benzene, toluene and phenol

   Coal is a major source of aromatic compounds. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 95.

6. Question 6

   Coal gas (town gas) is a mixture of:
   • AMethane and ethane
   • BHydrogen and carbon monoxide
   • CNitrogen and oxygen
   • DCarbon dioxide and steam
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: B) Hydrogen and carbon monoxide

   Both are combustible, making coal gas an excellent fuel. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 95.

7. Question 7

   Going down a homologous series, melting and boiling points:
   • AStay exactly the same
   • BDecrease with molecular mass
   • CIncrease with molecular mass
   • DChange randomly
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: C) Increase with molecular mass

   Chemical properties stay similar; physical properties change gradually. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 105.

8. Question 8

   Cyclic compounds whose ring contains at least one atom other than carbon, such as pyridine and furan, are:
   • AHomocyclic
   • BAlicyclic
   • CAromatic
   • DHeterocyclic
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: D) Heterocyclic

   Homocyclic (carbocyclic) rings contain only carbon. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 100.

9. Question 9

   In Lassaigne's test, nitrogen is confirmed by the formation of a:
   • APrussian blue colour
   • BBlack precipitate
   • CWhite precipitate
   • DMilky lime water
   Show answer and explanation

   Answer: A) Prussian blue colour

   Black PbS shows sulphur; milky lime water shows carbon. Source: Chemistry 12 KPK (taleem360.com), p. 107.

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